Kepeloporan Pemikiran Kh Ahmad Dahlan dalam Melahirkan Gerakan Pembaruan Muhammadiyah

Abstract

This study aims to reconstruct KH Ahmad Dahlan’s integrative tajdid model as the foundation of the Muhammadiyah reform movement and Islamic social transformation in Indonesia. Previous studies have generally examined Ahmad Dahlan’s thought from partial perspectives, such as education, da‘wah, philanthropy, or Islamic reform, without providing a comprehensive understanding of the interconnected dimensions of his reformist ideas. This research employed a qualitative approach using a library research method. Data were collected from relevant primary and secondary sources and analyzed through content analysis involving data reduction, categorization, interpretation, and conceptual synthesis. The findings reveal that KH Ahmad Dahlan developed an integrative tajdid model consisting of five major pillars: purification of faith (aqidah), educational reform, Al-Ma’un social theology, women’s empowerment, and cultural da‘wah. These dimensions are interconnected and constitute the foundation of Muhammadiyah as a progressive Islamic movement capable of integrating Islamic values with social transformation. The study demonstrates that tajdid in Ahmad Dahlan’s perspective extends beyond the purification of Islamic teachings and encompasses the development of educational institutions, social services, community empowerment, and religious moderation. This integrative tajdid model remains highly relevant in addressing contemporary challenges shaped by globalization, digital transformation, and increasingly complex social changes.