Transformasi Pelayanan Publik melalui Sistem Pemerintahan Berbasis Elektronik: Menuju Tata Kelola Pemerintahan Digital yang Terintegrasi

Abstract

Digital transformation has become a strategic agenda in public administration reform to improve governance quality and public service delivery. In Indonesia, the implementation of the Electronic-Based Government System (Sistem Pemerintahan Berbasis Elektronik/SPBE) represents a key policy for establishing an integrated digital government through information technology utilization, data integration, and electronic public service delivery. This article aims to analyze public service transformation through SPBE and develop a conceptual framework that explains the strategic factors required to achieve integrated digital governance. The study employs a conceptual paper approach by critically synthesizing theories, previous empirical studies, national regulations, and reports from international organizations related to digital government, public governance, and public service transformation. The analysis indicates that the success of SPBE implementation depends not only on technological readiness but also on digital leadership, digital governance, system interoperability, integrated data management, digital human resource capacity, and multi-stakeholder collaboration oriented toward creating public value. As its primary conceptual contribution, this article proposes the Integrated SPBE Governance Framework (ISGF), which conceptualizes SPBE as a digital governance ecosystem consisting of five interrelated dimensions: digital leadership, digital governance, an integrated digital ecosystem, collaborative public services, and public value. The proposed framework provides a theoretical foundation for future empirical studies and supports the formulation of more integrated, adaptive, and sustainable digital government policies.